F
FEED BOARD
The surface on a printing machine over which the stock is transmitted to the lays.
FELT MARK
Imprint left on the paper by one or more of the felts used in making the paper. The mark may be wanted or unwanted and special effects can be presented in this way.
FIBRILLATION
Freeing of the fibrils by partial rupture of the fibers when submitted to a proper treatment, e.g., beating or refining.
FILLER
A material such as china clay or calcium carbonate that is added to make paper smoother and increase opaqueness.
FILLING IN
The addition of components of the furnish of a paper to pulping or slushing equipment in a paper mill. The spreading of the printed image on a sheet to the point where the small unprinted spaces are erased.
FINES
Small fragments of fibers produced, for example, in the course of beating or of purification.
FINISH
The surface distinguishing quality imparted to paper by mechanical means.
FLAME-RESISTANT PAPER
A paper that will resist flames due to having been treated with a special chemical. It is not completely fireproof but it does not carry a flame and does not support combustion.
FLOW BOX
A receptacle for stock situated immediately before the forming part of a paper or board making machine, capable of supplying stock in the required volume and with the required distribution characteristics to the forming surface. Also known as the breast box or head box.
FLUORESCENT WHITENING AGENT / FLUORESCENT DYE
A coloring agent capable of converting ultraviolet light into the visible spectrum and improving the brightness of the paper in which it is incorporated. Sometimes known as optical bleaching agent (OBA).
FOILS
An extremely thin polyester film material containing a dry pigment that is transferred to paper by the use of heat and pressure. The material used in foil stamping.
FOLDING BOXBOARD
Although boxboards can vary in quality from gray board to high-class board made from virgin fiber, the term is commonly taken to mean white-lined boards. They are made on multi-layer machines, and the outer layers may be of a different furnish to the center layer.
FORMATION
The physical characteristics of the paper, which are determined by the structure and orientation of the fibers developed during the paper formation process when the paper is being made. The paper”s runnability, strength, and consistency in thickness throughout the sheet are affected by the uniformity of the distribution of fibers during the formation process. The squareness of the sheet is also determined during the formation process. The squareness is affected by the grain direction ratio of the paper, which is the ratio of fibers that line up in the machine direction in comparison to the cross direction. A better refined formation process results in more uniform and smooth paper. Desired end results and large variations in paper formation can be controlled by today”s advanced formation technologies.
FOUNTAIN ROLLER
The roller on a printing machine that set going the supply of moisture to the damping system.
FOUNTAIN SOLUTION
Water, with supplement, for application to the lithographic plate on a printing machine.
FOURDRINIER MACHINE
A papermaking machine that creates the paper in a continuous sheet. Named after the Fourdrinier brothers who financed the first operational machine at the Frogmore Mill, Hertfordshire, England in 1803.
FREE STOCK
Stock that when drained under gravity, seoarates easily with the water of suspension.
FREENESS VALUE
A measure of the drainability of an aqueous suspension of stock, settled and expressed as specified in a standard method of test.
FURNISH
The ingredients or constituents of which the paper is made. Fibrous furnish involves only the types and proportions of the fibers present. Total furnish includes loading. etc.
